Evolutionary Demography Group

Members

Keywords: Aging - Behavioural Ecology - Climate Change - Conservation Biology - Comparative analyses - Demography - Eco-Evolutionary dynamics - Ecotoxicology - Ecophysiology - Epidemiology – Integrative Biology - Life History Traits - Movement Ecology - Parasitism - Population Dynamics - Wildlife Management

Overview: Our research aims to understand how ecology and evolution shape both the demography and the health of vertebrate populations in the wild, and in turn, how the demographic processes are determining the strength of trait selection. To reach these objectives, we are bridging conceptual and methodological advances from population ecology, evolution, demography, epidemiology and statistics. As our study models are vertebrate species with high societal value, our research projects are often led in collaboration with the Office Français de la Biodiversité (OFB) and have an explicit applied component to improve the exploitation or the conservation of the targeted species.

Research axes:

  • Quantifying the amount and the shape of individual heterogeneity in vertebrate populations in the wild, as well as its role in demographic and eco-evolutionary processes (with a special focus on mammals)
  • Identifying and assessing the relative influence of the environmental (i.e. weather conditions, population density, habitat quality, predation, diseases, interspecific competition and anthropic pressure), evolutionary (e.g. phylogenetic inertia, lifestyle, size, and life history strategy), and individual (e.g. age, sex, or size) attributes that shape the diversity of individual trajectories, within and among populations of vertebrates
  • Identifying population responses to global change, from phenotypic traits to demographic outputs such as population growth, age-structure and generation time
  • Quantifying the magnitude of the sex-differences in trait-specific trajectories (with a special focus on the senescence process) and identifying the eco-evolutionary roots of these differences
  • Identifying the genetic and physiological markers of aging for mammalian populations in the wild
  • Exploring the evolutionary causes and consequences of actuarial and reproductive aging in the wild
  • Assessing the health, demographic, and evolutionary implications of physiological stress at the individual level and quantifying their impact on population dynamics
  • Determining the physiological and demographic implications of toxic pollutants for mammals in the wild
  • Measuring health, behavioral, and demographic consequences of parasitism exposure
  • Providing tools for the development of reliable predictions for population forecast of mammals with a high societal value


Biological models: Our research mostly relies on the long-term monitoring of mammalian populations in the wild. Thanks to a long-term collaboration with the OFB, we are collecting individual longitudinal data on a wide array of traits for more than 40 years for roe deer (Chizé and Trois-Fontaines study areas, France). Other ongoing long-term programs are focused on the Alpine marmot (Réserve de la Grande Sassière, France), Mouflon (Caroux-Espinouse massif, France), Wild boar (Châteauvillain, France), and Giraffe (Hwange, Zimbabwe).

Publications

Display of 691 to 720 publications on 768 in total

Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in small mammals from the Ardennes region, France.

Eve Afonso, Marie-Lazarine Poulle, Mélissa Lemoine, Isabelle Villena, Dominique Aubert, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont

Folia Parasitologica . 54 ( 4 ) : 313-314

DOI: 10.14411/fp.2007.041

Journal article

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Lifetime reproductive success and composition of the home range in large herbivore.

P.D. Mc Loughlin, Jean-Michel Gaillard, M.S. Boyce, Christophe Bonenfant, F. Messier, Patrick Duncan...

Ecology . 88 ( 12 ) : 3192-3201

DOI: 10.1890/06-1974.1

Journal article

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Transmission of a pestivirus infection in a population of Pyrenean chamois

Maryline Pioz, Anne Loison, Philippe Gibert, Dominique Dubray, Pierre Menaut, Bertrand Le Tallec...

Veterinary Microbiology . 119 ( 1 ) : 19-30

DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.09.001

Journal article

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Chapter 11. Managing Large Herbivores in Theory and Practice: Is the Game the Same for Browsing and Grazing Species?

Jean - Michel Gaillard, P. Duncan, Van Wieren S.E., A. Loison, F. Klein, D. Maillard

The Ecology of Browsing and Grazing . : 293-307

Book chapter

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Testing sexual segregation and aggregation: old ways are best

Christophe Bonenfant, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Anne Loison, Manuela Royer, Daniel Chessel

Ecology . 88 ( 12 ) : 3202-3208

DOI: 10.1890/07-0129.1

Journal article

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Toxoplasmosis in prey species and consequences for prevalence in feral cats: not all prey species are equal.

E. Afonso, P. Thulliez, D. Pontier, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont

Parasitology . 134 ( Pt.14 ) : 1963-71

DOI: 10.1017/S0031182007003320

Journal article

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Prevalence of Toxoplasma Gondii in small mammals from the ardennes region France

Eve Afonso, M.-L. Poulle, M. Lemoine, I. Villena, D. Aubert, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont

Folia Parasitologica . 54 : 313-314

Journal article

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Climate changes and post-nuptial migration strategy by two reedbed passerines

Guillaume Péron, Pierre-Yves Henry, Pascal Provost, Olivier Dehorter, Romain Julliard

Climate Research . 35 : 147-157

DOI: 10.3354/cr00721

Journal article

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How does environmental variation influence body mass, body size, and body condition? Roe deer as a case study.

Carole Toïgo, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Guy van Laere, Mark Hewison, Nicolas Morellet

Ecography . 29 ( 3 ) : 301–308

DOI: 10.1111/j.2006.0906-7590.04394.x

Journal article

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Density-dependent responses of fawn cohort body mass in two contrasting roe deer populations

Peter Kjellander, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Mark Hewison

Oecologia . 146 ( 4 ) : 521-530

DOI: 10.1007/s00442-005-0188-z

Journal article

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Temporal and spatial development of red deer harvesting in Europe : biological and cultural factors

J.M. Milner, C. Bonenfant, A. Mysterud, J.-M. Gaillard, S. Csanyi, N.C. Stenseth

Journal of Applied Ecology . 43 : 721-734

Journal article

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Testing five hypotheses of sexual segregation in an arctic ungulate

L. Loe, R. Irvine, C. Bonenfant, A. Stien, R. Langvatn, S. Albon...

Journal of Animal Ecology . 75 : 485-496

Journal article

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Do abortive infections decrease survival in Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaïca pyrenaïca)?

Maryline Pioz, Anne Loison, Philippe Gibert, Jean-Michel Jullien, Marc Artois, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont

7th conference of the European Wildlife Diseases Association .

Conference paper

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Using a proxy of plant productivity (NDVI) to find key periods for animal performance: the case of roe deer

Nathalie Pettorelli, Jean - Michel Gaillard, Atle Mysterud, Patrick Duncan, Nils Chr. Stenseth, Daniel Delorme...

Oikos . 112 : 565-572

Journal article

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Transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in an urban population of domestic cats (Felis catus).

Eve Afonso, Philippe Thulliez, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont

International Journal for Parasitology . 36 ( 13 ) : 1373-82

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2006.07.010

Journal article

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Transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in an urban population of domestic cats (Felis catus)

Eve Afonso, P. Thulliez, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont

International Journal for Parasitology . 36 : 1373-1382

Journal article

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Contact rates and exposure to inter-species disease transmission in mountain ungulates.

C. Richomme, D. Gauthier, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont

Epidemiology and Infection . 134 : 21-30

Journal article

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Le Pestivirus de l’isard (Rupicapra pyrenaica) dans la Réserve Nationale de Chasse et de Faune Sauvage d’Orlu : état actuel des connaissances

Maryline Pioz, Philippe Gibert, M Artois, Anne Loison, Pierre Menaut, Dominique Dubray...

Congrès annuel du Groupe d’Etudes sur l’Ecopathologie de la Faune Sauvage de Montagne .

Conference paper

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Hind foot length: an indicator for monitoring roe deer populations at a landscape scale

Audrey Zannèse, Alain Baïsse, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Mark Hewison, Karine Saint-Hilaire, Carole Toïgo...

Wildlife Society Bulletin . 34 ( 2 ) : 351-358

Journal article

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Les effets de la canicule de l'été 2003 sur le chevreuil. Suivi à Chizé

Guy van Laere, Carole Toïgo, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Guy Renaud

Faune Sauvage . 273 : 15-19

Journal article

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Density-dependent cohort body mass in two contrasting roe deer populations.

Petter Kjellander, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Mark Hewison

7th European Roe deer Meeting . : 1 p.

Conference paper

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The response of fawn survival to changes in habitat quality varies according to cohort quality and spatial scale

Nathalie Pettorelli, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Nigel G. Yoccoz, Patrick Duncan, Daniel Maillard, Daniel Delormes...

Journal of Animal Ecology . 74 : 972-981

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.00988.x

Journal article

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Effect of observer experience on the monitoring of a mouflon population

Mathieu Garel, Jean-Marc Cugnasse, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Anne Loison, Yanto Santosa, Marie-Line Maublanc

Acta Theriologica . 50 ( 1 ) : 109-114

Journal article

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Big mothers invest more in daughters - reversed sex allocation in a weakly polygynous mammal

A.J.M. Hewison, Jean-Michel Gaillard, P. Kjellander, C. Toïgo, O. Liberg, D. Delorme

Ecology Letters . 8 : 430--437

Journal article

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Ecological correlates of home-range size in spring–summer for female roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in a deciduous woodland

Sonia Saïd, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Patrick Duncan, Hervé Fritz, Hervé Fritz, Sabrina Servanty...

Journal of Zoology . 367 : 301-308

DOI: 10.1017/S0952836905007454

Journal article

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Generation time: a reliable metric to measure life-history variation among mammalian populations

J.-M. Gaillard, N.G. Yoccoz, J.-D. Lebreton, C. Bonenfant, S. Devillard, A. Loison...

The American Naturalist . 166 : 119-123

Journal article

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Climate predictability and breeding phenology in red deer : timing and synchrony of rutting and calving in Norway and France

L.E. Loe, C. Bonenfant, A. Mysterud, J.-M. Gaillard, R. Langvatn, N.C. Stenseth...

Journal of Animal Ecology . 74 : 579-588

Journal article

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Can we use the young :female ratio to infer ungulate population dynamics ? An empirical test using red deer (Cervus elaphus) as a model

C. Bonenfant, J.-M. Gaillard, F. Klein, J.L. Hamann

Journal of Applied Ecology . 42 : 361-370

Journal article

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Increased effect of harsh climate in red deer with a poor set of teeth

Le. Loe, C. Bonenfant, R. Langvatn, / Mysterud, V. A.Veiberg, N.C. Stenseth

Oecologia . -- : 1-14

Journal article

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Are hybridogenetic complexes structured by habitat in water frogs?

Sandrine Plénet, Pierre Joly, Frédéric Hervant, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont, Odile Grolet

Journal of Evolutionary Biology . 18 ( 6 ) : 1575-1586

DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00961.x

Journal article

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