Evolutionary Demography Group

Members

Keywords: Aging - Behavioural Ecology - Climate Change - Conservation Biology - Comparative analyses - Demography - Eco-Evolutionary dynamics - Ecotoxicology - Ecophysiology - Epidemiology – Integrative Biology - Life History Traits - Movement Ecology - Parasitism - Population Dynamics - Wildlife Management

Overview: Our research aims to understand how ecology and evolution shape both the demography and the health of vertebrate populations in the wild, and in turn, how the demographic processes are determining the strength of trait selection. To reach these objectives, we are bridging conceptual and methodological advances from population ecology, evolution, demography, epidemiology and statistics. As our study models are vertebrate species with high societal value, our research projects are often led in collaboration with the Office Français de la Biodiversité (OFB) and have an explicit applied component to improve the exploitation or the conservation of the targeted species.

Research axes:

  • Quantifying the amount and the shape of individual heterogeneity in vertebrate populations in the wild, as well as its role in demographic and eco-evolutionary processes (with a special focus on mammals)
  • Identifying and assessing the relative influence of the environmental (i.e. weather conditions, population density, habitat quality, predation, diseases, interspecific competition and anthropic pressure), evolutionary (e.g. phylogenetic inertia, lifestyle, size, and life history strategy), and individual (e.g. age, sex, or size) attributes that shape the diversity of individual trajectories, within and among populations of vertebrates
  • Identifying population responses to global change, from phenotypic traits to demographic outputs such as population growth, age-structure and generation time
  • Quantifying the magnitude of the sex-differences in trait-specific trajectories (with a special focus on the senescence process) and identifying the eco-evolutionary roots of these differences
  • Identifying the genetic and physiological markers of aging for mammalian populations in the wild
  • Exploring the evolutionary causes and consequences of actuarial and reproductive aging in the wild
  • Assessing the health, demographic, and evolutionary implications of physiological stress at the individual level and quantifying their impact on population dynamics
  • Determining the physiological and demographic implications of toxic pollutants for mammals in the wild
  • Measuring health, behavioral, and demographic consequences of parasitism exposure
  • Providing tools for the development of reliable predictions for population forecast of mammals with a high societal value


Biological models: Our research mostly relies on the long-term monitoring of mammalian populations in the wild. Thanks to a long-term collaboration with the OFB, we are collecting individual longitudinal data on a wide array of traits for more than 40 years for roe deer (Chizé and Trois-Fontaines study areas, France). Other ongoing long-term programs are focused on the Alpine marmot (Réserve de la Grande Sassière, France), Mouflon (Caroux-Espinouse massif, France), Wild boar (Châteauvillain, France), and Giraffe (Hwange, Zimbabwe).

Publications

Display of 661 to 690 publications on 717 in total

The response of fawn survival to changes in habitat quality varies according to cohort quality and spatial scale

Nathalie Pettorelli, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Nigel G. Yoccoz, Patrick Duncan, Daniel Maillard, Daniel Delormes...

Journal of Animal Ecology . 74 : 972-981

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.00988.x

Journal article

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Effect of observer experience on the monitoring of a mouflon population

Mathieu Garel, Jean-Marc Cugnasse, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Anne Loison, Yanto Santosa, Marie-Line Maublanc

Acta Theriologica . 50 ( 1 ) : 109-114

Journal article

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Big mothers invest more in daughters - reversed sex allocation in a weakly polygynous mammal

A.J.M. Hewison, Jean-Michel Gaillard, P. Kjellander, C. Toïgo, O. Liberg, D. Delorme

Ecology Letters . 8 : 430--437

Journal article

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Ecological correlates of home-range size in spring–summer for female roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in a deciduous woodland

Sonia Saïd, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Patrick Duncan, Hervé Fritz, Hervé Fritz, Sabrina Servanty...

Journal of Zoology . 367 : 301-308

DOI: 10.1017/S0952836905007454

Journal article

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Generation time: a reliable metric to measure life-history variation among mammalian populations

J.-M. Gaillard, N.G. Yoccoz, J.-D. Lebreton, C. Bonenfant, S. Devillard, A. Loison...

The American Naturalist . 166 : 119-123

Journal article

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Climate predictability and breeding phenology in red deer : timing and synchrony of rutting and calving in Norway and France

L.E. Loe, C. Bonenfant, A. Mysterud, J.-M. Gaillard, R. Langvatn, N.C. Stenseth...

Journal of Animal Ecology . 74 : 579-588

Journal article

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Can we use the young :female ratio to infer ungulate population dynamics ? An empirical test using red deer (Cervus elaphus) as a model

C. Bonenfant, J.-M. Gaillard, F. Klein, J.L. Hamann

Journal of Applied Ecology . 42 : 361-370

Journal article

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Increased effect of harsh climate in red deer with a poor set of teeth

Le. Loe, C. Bonenfant, R. Langvatn, / Mysterud, V. A.Veiberg, N.C. Stenseth

Oecologia . -- : 1-14

Journal article

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Are hybridogenetic complexes structured by habitat in water frogs?

Sandrine Plénet, Pierre Joly, Frédéric Hervant, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont, Odile Grolet

Journal of Evolutionary Biology . 18 ( 6 ) : 1575-1586

DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00961.x

Journal article

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Incidence and persistence of classical swine fever in free-ranging wild boar (Sus scrofa)

S. Rossi, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont, D. Pontier, C. Crucière, J. Hars, J. Barrat...

Epidemiology and Infection . 133 : 559-568

Journal article

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Sondage sur les maladies abortives chez les ongulés sauvages et domestiques en alpage

Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont, Elsa Jourdain, Philippe Gibert, Dominique Gauthier, Jean-Michel Jullien, Jean Hars

Faune Sauvage .

Journal article

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Why roe deers are not red: patterns of maternal investment in ungulates

Mark Hewison, Jean-Michel Gaillard

7th European Roe deer Meeting . : 1 p.

Conference paper

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Big mothers invest more in daughters - reversed sex allocation in a weakly polygynous mammal

Mark Hewison, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Petter Kjellander, Carole Toïgo, Olof Liberg, Daniel Delorme

Ecology Letters . 8 ( 4 ) : 430-437

DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00743.x

Journal article

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Reproductive biology of captive female eurasian lynx, Lynx lynx

Hege Berg Henriksen, Reidar Andersen, Mark Hewison, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Morten Bronndal, Stefan Jonsson...

European Journal of Wildlife Research . 51 ( 3 ) : 151-156

DOI: 10.1007/s10344-005-0104-1

Journal article

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Incidence and persistence of classical swine fever in free-ranging wild boar (Sus scrofa)

S Rossi, E Fromont, Dominique Pontier, C Crucière, J Hars, Jacques Barrat...

Epidemiology and Infection . 133 ( 3 ) : 559-568

Journal article

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Long-term monitoring of classical swine fever in wild boar (Sus scrofa sp) using serological data

S Rossi, M Artois, Dominique Pontier, C Crucière, J Hars, Jacques Barrat...

Veterinary Research . 36 ( 1 ) : 27-42

Journal article

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Long-term monitoring of classical swine fever in wild boar (Sus scrofa sp.) using serological data.

S. Rossi, Marc Artois, D. Pontier, C. Crucière, J. Hars, J. Barrat...

Veterinary Research . -- : 27-42

Journal article

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Long-term monitoring of classical swine fever in wild boar (Sus scrofa sp.) using serological data

Sophie Rossi, Marc Artois, Dominique Pontier, Catherine Crucière, Jean Hars, Jacques Barrat...

Veterinary Research . 36 ( 1 ) : 27-42

DOI: 10.1051/vetres:2004050

Journal article

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Statut sanitaire des ongulés sauvages de montagne – relation avec le statut sanitaire des ongulés domestiques

Maryline Pioz, Anne Loison, Philippe Gibert, Marc Artois, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont

Réunion de présentation des actions de recherche. Parc Naturel Régional du massif des Bauges .

Conference paper

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Etude de maladies abortives non réglementées chez les ongulés sauvages de montagne et les ruminants domestiques des Bauges (Pré-Alpes du Nord, France). 22èmes Rencontres du Groupe d’Étude sur l’Écopathologie de la Faune Sauvage de Montagne

Elsa Jourdain, P Gibert, D Gauthier, E Fromont, J.-M Jullien, J Hars

22èmes Rencontres du Groupe d’Étude sur l’Écopathologie de la Faune Sauvage de Montagne .

Conference paper

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The effects of hurricane Lothar on habitat use of roe deer

Olivier Wildmer, Sonia Said, Jeremy Miroir, Patrick Duncan, Jean-Michel Gaillard, François Klein

Forest Ecology and Management . 195 : 237-242

DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.02.021

Journal article

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Multiple causes of sexual segregation in European red deer : enlightenments from varying breeding phenology at high and low latitude.

C. Bonenfant, L.E. Loe, A. Mysterud, R. Langvatn, N.C. Stenseth, J.-M. Gaillard...

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences . 271 : 883-892

Journal article

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Rôle des contraintes évolutives dépendantes du sexe en biologie des populations

C. Bonenfant

incollection . -- : 1369-1379

Journal article

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Diet of the wild boar in the French Alps

E. Baubet, C. Bonenfant, S. Brandt

Galemys . S16 : 99-111

Journal article

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Variation in harem size of red deer (Cervus elaphus) : the effects of adult sex ratio and age structure.

C. Bonenfant, J.-M. Gaillard, F. Klein, D. Maillard

Journal of Zoology . 264 : 1-9

Journal article

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What limits the Serengeti zebra population?

Sophie Grange, Patrick Duncan, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Anthony R.E. Sinclair, Peter J.P. Gogan, Craig Packer...

Oecologia . 140 : 523-532

DOI: 10.1007/s00442-004-1567-6

Journal article

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Predation risk and longevity influence variation in fitness of female roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.)

Petter Kjellander, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Mark Hewison, Olof Liberg

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences . 271 : 338-340

DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2004.0177

Journal article

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Age and density modify the effects of habitat quality on survival and movements of roe deer

Nathalie Pettorelli, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Patrick Duncan, Daniel Maillard, Guy van Laere, Daniel Delorme

Ecology . 84 ( 12 ) : 3307-3316

Journal article

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La faune sauvage indicateur possible du risque de maladie émergente.

Marc Artois, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont, J. Hars

Epidémiologie et Santé Animale . 44 : 21-31

Journal article

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Disease propagation in connected host populations with density-dependent dynamics: the case of the Feline Leukemia Virus

Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont, D. Pontier, M. Langlais

Journal of Theoretical Biology . 223 ( 4 ) : 465-475

DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5193(03)00122-X

Journal article

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