Evolutionary Demography Group

Members

Keywords: Aging - Behavioural Ecology - Climate Change - Conservation Biology - Comparative analyses - Demography - Eco-Evolutionary dynamics - Ecotoxicology - Ecophysiology - Epidemiology – Integrative Biology - Life History Traits - Movement Ecology - Parasitism - Population Dynamics - Wildlife Management

Overview: Our research aims to understand how ecology and evolution shape both the demography and the health of vertebrate populations in the wild, and in turn, how the demographic processes are determining the strength of trait selection. To reach these objectives, we are bridging conceptual and methodological advances from population ecology, evolution, demography, epidemiology and statistics. As our study models are vertebrate species with high societal value, our research projects are often led in collaboration with the Office Français de la Biodiversité (OFB) and have an explicit applied component to improve the exploitation or the conservation of the targeted species.

Research axes:

  • Quantifying the amount and the shape of individual heterogeneity in vertebrate populations in the wild, as well as its role in demographic and eco-evolutionary processes (with a special focus on mammals)
  • Identifying and assessing the relative influence of the environmental (i.e. weather conditions, population density, habitat quality, predation, diseases, interspecific competition and anthropic pressure), evolutionary (e.g. phylogenetic inertia, lifestyle, size, and life history strategy), and individual (e.g. age, sex, or size) attributes that shape the diversity of individual trajectories, within and among populations of vertebrates
  • Identifying population responses to global change, from phenotypic traits to demographic outputs such as population growth, age-structure and generation time
  • Quantifying the magnitude of the sex-differences in trait-specific trajectories (with a special focus on the senescence process) and identifying the eco-evolutionary roots of these differences
  • Identifying the genetic and physiological markers of aging for mammalian populations in the wild
  • Exploring the evolutionary causes and consequences of actuarial and reproductive aging in the wild
  • Assessing the health, demographic, and evolutionary implications of physiological stress at the individual level and quantifying their impact on population dynamics
  • Determining the physiological and demographic implications of toxic pollutants for mammals in the wild
  • Measuring health, behavioral, and demographic consequences of parasitism exposure
  • Providing tools for the development of reliable predictions for population forecast of mammals with a high societal value


Biological models: Our research mostly relies on the long-term monitoring of mammalian populations in the wild. Thanks to a long-term collaboration with the OFB, we are collecting individual longitudinal data on a wide array of traits for more than 40 years for roe deer (Chizé and Trois-Fontaines study areas, France). Other ongoing long-term programs are focused on the Alpine marmot (Réserve de la Grande Sassière, France), Mouflon (Caroux-Espinouse massif, France), Wild boar (Châteauvillain, France), and Giraffe (Hwange, Zimbabwe).

Publications

Display of 511 to 540 publications on 717 in total

Changes of population trends and mortality patterns in response to the reintroduction of large predators: The case study of African ungulates

S. Grange, N. Owen-Smith, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Dave J. Druce, M. Moleón, M. Mgobozi

Acta Oecologica . 42 : 16--29

DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2012.02.007

Journal article

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Linking the population growth rate and the age-at-death distribution

S. Schindler, S. Tuljapurkar, Jean-Michel Gaillard, T. Coulson

Theoretical Population Biology . 82 : 244--252

DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2012.09.003

Journal article

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Modeling reproductive trajectories of roe deer females: Fixed or dynamic heterogeneity?

Floriane Plard, Christophe Bonenfant, D. Delorme, Jean-Michel Gaillard

Theoretical Population Biology . 82 : 317-328

DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2012.03.006

Journal article

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The oak browsing index correlates linearly with roe deer density: a new indicator for deer management?

T. Chevrier, S. Saïd, O. Widmer, Jean-Pierre Hamard, C. Saint-Andrieux, Jean-Michel Gaillard

European Journal of Wildlife Research . 58 ( 1 ) : 17--22

DOI: 10.1007/s10344-011-0535-9

Journal article

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Mise au point d'un modèle de diagnostic des interactions entre structures paysagères, infrastructures de transports terrestres et espèces emblématiques : le cas du Lynx dans le massif jurassien

J.M. Gaillard, A. Hemery, C. Bonenfant, M. Basille, E. Marboutin, Isabelle Mauz...

: 123

Report

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Effects of spatial scale and sample size in GPS-based species distribution models: are the best models trivial for red deer management?

L. E. Loe, Christophe Bonenfant, E. L. Meisingset, A. Mysterud

European Journal of Wildlife Research . 58 : 195--203

DOI: 10.1007/s10344-011-0563-5

Journal article

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Quantitative estimation of the viability of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in soil.

Maud Lélu, Isabelle Villena, Marie-Laure Dardé, Dominique Aubert, Régine Geers, Emilie Dupuis...

Applied and Environmental Microbiology . 78 ( 15 ) : 5127-32

DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00246-12

Journal article

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The Life Cycle of Toxoplasma gondii in the Natural Environment

Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont, Maud Lélu, Marie-Laure Dardé, Céline Richomme, D. Aubert, Eve Afonso...

Toxoplasmosis - Recent Advances . 978-953-51-0746-0 : 3-36

DOI: 10.5772/48233

Book chapter

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Modelling the dynamics of host-parasite interactions: basic principles

Pauline Ezanno, Elisabeta Vergu, Michel Langlais, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont

New Frontiers of Molecular Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases . 978-94-007-2113-5 : 79-101

DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2114-2_5

Book chapter

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Distinct evolutionary strategies of human leucocyte antigen loci in pathogen-rich environments

A. Sanchez-Mazas, Jean-François Lemaitre, M. Currat

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences . 367 : 830--9

DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2011.0312

Journal article

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Spatial heterogeneity in mortality and its impact on the population dynamics of Eurasian woodcocks

Guillaume Peron, Yves Ferrand, Rémi Choquet, Roger Pradel, François Gossmann, Claudine Bastat...

Population Ecology . 54 ( 2 ) : 305-312

DOI: 10.1007/s10144-012-0309-6

Journal article

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Making use of harvest information to examine alternative management scenarios : a body weight-structured model for wild boar

M. Gamelon, Jean-Michel Gaillard, S. Servanty, O. Gimenez, C. Toigo, E. Baubet...

Journal of Applied Ecology . 49 : 833--841

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2012.02160.x

Journal article

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Statistical evaluation of parameters estimating autocorrelation and individual heterogeneity in longitudinal studies

Sandra Hamel, Nigel Yoccoz, Jean-Michel Gaillard

Methods in Ecology and Evolution . 3 ( 4 ) : 731-742

DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2012.00195.x

Journal article

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Higher than expected growth rate of the Endangered West African giraffe \textitGiraffa camelopardalis peralta : a successful human\textendashwildlife cohabitation

Jean Patrick Suraud, J. Fennessy, E. Bonnaud, A. M. Issa, H. Fritz, Jean-Michel Gaillard

Oryx . 46 : 577--583

DOI: 10.1017/s0030605311000639

Journal article

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Condition-dependent natal dispersal in a large herbivore: heavier animals show a greater propensity to disperse and travel further

Lucie Debeffe, Nicolas Morellet, Bruno Cargnelutti, Bruno Lourtet, R. Bon, Jean-Michel Gaillard...

Journal of Animal Ecology . 81 ( 6 ) : 1327--1337

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2012.02014.x

Journal article

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Estimating herbaceous plant biomass in mountain grasslands: a comparative study using three different methods

C. Redjadj, A. Duparc, S. Lavorel, K. Grigulis, Christophe Bonenfant, D. Maillard...

Alpine Botany . 122 : 57-63

DOI: 10.1007/s00035-012-0100-5

Journal article

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Modelling the seasonal spread of an emerging pestivirus in a structured Pyrenean chamois population

Pauline Ezanno, Gael Beaunée, Matthieu Garel, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont

13. Symposium of the International Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics (ISVEE) . : 580 p.

Conference paper

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Seasonal spread of a pestivirus in a structured Pyrenean chamois population: a modelling tool

Gael Beaunée, Pauline Ezanno, Matthieu Garel, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont

61. WDA - 10. biennal EWDA Conference "Convergence in Wildlife Health" . : 438 p.

Poster

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A simplified model system for Toxoplasma gondii spread within a heterogeneous environment

Michel Langlais, Maud Lélu, Cecile Avenet, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont

Nonlinear Dynamics . 68 ( 3 ) : 381-399

DOI: 10.1007/s11071-011-0255-4

Journal article

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Bovine tuberculosis in "Eurasian" badgers (Meles meles) in France

Ariane Payne, Maria Laura Boschiroli, Eric Gueneau, Jean Louis Moyen, Thomas Rambaud, Barbara Dufour...

European Journal of Wildlife Research . 59 ( 3 ) : 331--339

DOI: 10.1007/s10344-012-0678-3

Journal article

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Role of deformed shell effects on the mass asymmetry in nuclear fission of mercury isotopes

Stefano Panebianco, Jean-Luc Sida, Héloise Goutte, Jean-François Lemaître, Noël Dubray, Stéphane Hilaire

Physical Review C . 86 ( 6 ) : 064601

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.86.064601

Journal article

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Sperm competition roles and ejaculate investment in a promiscuous mammal

Jean-François Lemaitre, Sa. Ramm, Jl. Hurst, P. Stockley

Journal of Evolutionary Biology . 25 : 1216--25

DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02511.x

Journal article

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Genital morphology linked to social status in the bank vole (Myodes glareolus)

Jean-François Lemaitre, Sa. Ramm, N. Jennings, P. Stockley

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology . 66 : 97--105

DOI: 10.1007/s00265-011-1257-4

Journal article

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Inbreeding avoidance behaviour of male bank voles in relation to social status

Jean-François Lemaitre, Sa. Ramm, Jl. Hurst, P. Stockley

Animal Behaviour . 83 : 453--457

DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.11.017

Journal article

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Spatial heterogeneity in mortality and its impact on the population dynamics of Eurasian woodcocks

Guillaume Péron, Yves Ferrand, Rémi Choquet, Roger Pradel, François Gossmann, Claudine Bastat...

Population Ecology . 54 : 305 - 312

DOI: 10.1007/s10144-012-0309-6

Journal article

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Geographic variations of life history traits and potential trade-offs in different populations of the parasitoid Leptopilina heterotoma

Pauline Vuarin, Roland Allemand, Joffrey Moiroux, Joan van Baaren, Patricia Gibert

The Science of Nature Naturwissenschaften . 99 ( 11 ) : 903-912

DOI: 10.1007/s00114-012-0972-7

Journal article

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La biodiversité à travers des exemples. Services compris.

Yvon Le Maho, Robert Barbault, Luc Abbadie, Corinne Beck, Jacques Blondel, Gilles Boeuf...

978-2-11-129644-2 : 184

Book

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Paleodemographic analysis of a fossil porcupine (Hystrix refossa Gervais, 1852) population from the Upper Pleistocene site of Geula Cave (Mount Carmel, Israel)

Hervé Monchot, Philippe Fernandez, Jean-Michel Gaillard

Journal of Archaeological Science . 39 ( 9 ) : 3027-3038

Journal article

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